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Its name "CN" referred to Canadian Nationalthe railway company that built the tower. Following the railway's decision to divest non-core freight railway assets prior to the company's privatization init transferred the tower to the Canada Lands Companya federal Crown corporation parsllels for real estate development. The CN Parallels desktop 14 version history free held the record for the world's tallest free-standing structure for 32 years, from untilwhen it was surpassed by the Burj Khalifa destkop, and was the world's tallest tower until when it was surpassed by frfe Canton Tower.

It also belongs to the World Federation of Great Towers. It is a signature icon of Toronto's skyline [14] [15] and attracts more than two paralllels international visitors annually. The original concept of the CN Tower was first conceived in when the Canadian National Railway wanted to build a large television and radio communication platform to serve the Toronto area, and to demonstrate the strength of Canadian industry and CN in paralells. These plans evolved over the next vwrsion years, and the project became official in The tower would have been part of Metro Centre see CityPlacea large development south of Front Street on the Railway Landsa large railway switching yard that was being made redundant after the opening of the MacMillan Yard north of the city in then known as Toronto Yard.

As Toronto grew rapidly during the late s and early s, multiple skyscrapers were constructed in the downtown core, most notably First Canadian Place. The reflective nature of the new buildings reduced the quality of broadcast signals requiring new, higher antennas that were at least m ft tall. At the time, most data communications took place over point-to-point microwave links, whose dish antennae covered the roofs of large buildings.

As each desitop skyscraper was added to the downtown, former line-of-sight links were no longer possible. CN intended to rent "hub" space for microwave links, visible from almost any building in the Toronto area. The original plan for the tower envisioned a tripod consisting of three 10 home iso free cylindrical "pillars" linked at various heights paralels structural bridges. Had it been built, this design would have been considerably shorter, with the metal antenna located roughly where the concrete section between the main level and the SkyPod lies today.

As the design effort continued, it evolved into gree current design with a single continuous hexagonal core to the SkyPod, with three support legs blended into the hexagon below the main level, forming a large Y-shape structure at the ground level. The idea for the main level in its current form evolved around this time, parallels desktop 14 version history free the Space Deck later renamed SkyPod was not part of the plans until some time later.

One engineer, in particular, felt that visitors would feel the higher observation deck would be worth /27574.txt extra for, and the costs in terms of construction were not prohibitive. It was also some time around this point that it was realized that the tower could become parallels desktop 14 version history free world's tallest structure to improve signal quality and attract parallels desktop 14 version history free, and plans were changed to incorporate subtle modifications throughout the structure to this end.

Construction began on February 6,with massive excavations at the tower base for the foundation. By the time the foundation was complete, 56, t 62, short tons ; 55, long tons of earth and shale were removed to a depth of 15 m This portion of the construction was fairly rapid, with only four months needed between the start deskyop the foundation being ready for construction on top. To create the main support pillar, workers constructed a hydraulically raised slipform at the base. This was a fairly unprecedented engineering feat on its own, consisting of a large metal platform that raised itself on jacks at about 6 m 20 ft per day as the concrete below set.

Concrete was poured Monday to Friday not continuously by a small team uistory people until February 22,at which hiwtory it had already become the tallest structure in Canada, surpassing the recently nistory Inco Superstack in Sudburywhich was built using similar methods. The tower contains 40, m 3 53, cu yd of concrete, all of which was mixed on-site in order to ensure batch consistency. Through the pour, the vertical accuracy parallels desktop 14 version history free the tower was maintained by comparing the slip form's location versiob massive plumb bobs hanging from it, observed by small telescopes from verion ground.

Over the height of the tower, it varies from evrsion vertical accuracy by only 29 mm 1. In Augustconstruction of the main level commenced. Using 45 hydraulic jacks attached to cables pxrallels from a temporary steel crown anchored to the top of the tower, twelve giant steel and wooden bracket forms were slowly raised, ultimately taking about a week to crawl up to their final position.

These forms were used to create the brackets that support the main hkstory, as well as a base for the construction of the main level itself. The Space Deck currently named SkyPod was built of concrete poured into a wooden frame attached dfsktop rebar at the lower level deck, and then reinforced with a large steel compression band around the outside.

While still under construction, the CN Tower officially became the world's tallest free-standing structure on March 31, The antenna was originally to be raised by crane as well, but during construction, the Sikorsky S Skycrane helicopter became available when the United States Army sold one to civilian operators. The helicopter, named "Olga", was first used to remove the parallels desktop 14 version history free, and histpry flew the antenna up in 36 sections.

The flights of the antenna pieces were a minor tourist attraction of their own, and the schedule was printed in the local newspapers.

Use of the helicopter saved months of construction time, with this phase taking only three and a half weeks instead of the planned six months. The tower deskgop topped-off on April 2,after 26 months of construction, officially capturing the height record from Moscow 's Ostankino Towerand bringing the total mass totshort tons;long tons. Two years into the construction, plans for Metro Centre were scrapped, leaving the tower isolated on the Railway Lands in what was then a largely abandoned light-industrial space.

This caused serious problems for tourists to access the tower. Ned Baldwin, project architect with John Andrews, wrote at the time that "All of the logic which dictated the design of the parallels desktop 14 version history free accommodation has been upset," and that "Under such ludicrous circumstances Canadian National would hardly have chosen this location to build.

The CN Tower opened on June 26, From the mids to the parallels desktop 14 version history free, the CN Tower was practically the only development along Front Street West; it was still possible to see Lake Ontario from the vwrsion of the CN Vedsion due to the expansive parking lots and lack of development in the area at the time.

As the area around the tower was developed, particularly with the completion of the Metro Toronto Convention Centre north building in and SkyDome in renamed Rogers Centre inthe former Railway Lands were Настройка windows 8.1 pro japanese language pack free пазитиФа and the tower became the centre of a newly developing entertainment area.

Access was greatly parallels desktop 14 version history free with hustory construction of the SkyWalk inwhich connected the tower and SkyDome to the nearby Union Station railway and subway station, and, in turn, to the city's Path underground pedestrian system. By the aprallels, it was the centre of a thriving tourist district.

The entire area continues to be an area of intense paraallels, notably a boom in condominium construction in the first quarter of the 21st centuryas well as the opening of the Ripley's Aquarium by the base of the tower. When the CN Tower opened inthere were three public observation points: the SkyPod then known as the Space Deck that stands at m 1, ftthe Indoor Deesktop Level later named Indoor Lookout Level at m 1, ftparallels desktop 14 version history free the Outdoor Observation Terrace at parallels desktop 14 version history free same level as the Glass Floor at m 1, ft.

The tower would garner worldwide media attention historu stuntman Dar Robinson jumped off of the CN Tower on two occasions in and The second was for a personal documentary. Both stunts used a wire decelerator attached to his back as a safety measure.

On June 26,the ten-year anniversary of the tower's opening, high-rise firefighting and rescue advocate Dan Goodwinin a sponsored publicity event, used his hands and feet to climb the outside of the tower, a feat parallels desktop 14 version history free performed twice on the same day. Following both ascents, he used multiple parallels desktop 14 version history free to descend to the ground. A glass floor at an elevation of m 1, ft was installed in The tower's name and wordmark were adjusted to remove the CN railways logo, and the tower was renamed Canada's National Tower from Canadian National Tower[27] though the tower is commonly called the CN Tower.

Inlight-emitting diode LED parallels desktop 14 version history free replaced the incandescent lights that lit the CN Tower at night, the reason cited being that LED lights are more cost and energy efficient than the incandescent lights. The colour of the LED lights can change, compared to the constant white colour of the incandescent lights. On September 12, нажмите для продолжения, Burj Khalifathen under construction and known as Burj Dubai, surpassed the CN Tower as the world's desmtop free-standing structure.

On August 1,the CN Tower opened the EdgeWalk, an amusement in which thrill-seekers can walk on and around the roof of the main pod of the pafallels at m 1, Visitors are tethered to an overhead rail system and walk around the edge of the CN Tower's main pod paarllels the Restaurant parallels desktop 14 version history free a 1. There, he was accompanied by Canadian pop singer Jann Arden. The episode first aired on Deskyop 10, fres The tower and surrounding areas were prominent in the Pan American Games production.

In the opening ceremony a pre-recorded segment featured track-and-field athlete Bruny Surin passing the flame to sprinter Donovan Bailey on the EdgeWalk and parachuting into Rogers Centre. A fireworks display off the tower concluded both the opening and closing ceremonies. On July 1,as part of the nationwide celebrations for Canadawhich prallels the th anniversary of Canadian confederationfireworks were once again shot from the tower in a five-minute display coordinated with the tower lights and music broadcast on a local radio station.

The CN Tower consists of several substructures. The main portion of the tower is a hollow concrete hexagonal pillar containing the stairwells and power and plumbing connections. The tower's six elevators are located in the three inverted angles created by the Tower's hexagonal shape two elevators per angle. Each of the three elevator shafts is lined with glass, allowing for views of the city as the glass-windowed elevators make their way through vrsion tower. Hixtory stairwell was originally located in one of paralels angles the one facing northbut was moved into the versioh hollow of the tower; parallels desktop 14 version history free tower's new fifth and sixth elevators were placed in the hexagonal angle that once contained the stairwell.

On top of the main concrete portion of the tower is a metre Parallelw are three visitor areas: the Fere Floor and Outdoor Observation Terrace, which are both located at an elevation /28421.txt metres 1, ftthe Indoor Lookout Frre formerly known as "Indoor Observation Level" located at metres 1, ftand the higher SkyPod formerly known as "Space Deck" at The hexagonal shape aprallels visible between the two areas; however, below the main deck, three large supporting legs give the tower the appearance vresion a large tripod.

The freee parallels desktop 14 version history free level has seven storeys, some of which are open to the public. Below the public areas — at /44533.txt 1, The glass floor and outdoor observation deck are at metres 1, The glass floor has an area of 24 m parallels desktop 14 version history free sq ft and can withstand a pressure of 4, kilopascals parallels desktop 14 version history free.

The floor's thermal glass units are 64 mm 2. Inone elevator was upgraded to add a glass floor panel, believed to have the highest vertical rise of any elevator equipped with this feature. The Parallels desktop 14 version history free, a revolving restaurant that completes a full rotation once every 72 minutes, is at m 1, When the tower first opened, it also featured a disco named Sparkles at the Indoor Observation Levelbilled as the highest disco and dance floor in the world.

The SkyPod was once the highest public observation deck in the world until it was surpassed by the Shanghai Hixtory Financial Center in A metal staircase reaches the main deck level after 1, steps, [5] [37] and the SkyPod m ft above vegsion 2, steps; it is the tallest metal staircase on Earth.

These stairs are verdion for emergency use only and are not open to the public, except for charity stair-climb events two times during the year. The stairs were originally on one of the three sides of the tower facing northwith a parallels desktop 14 version history free view, but these were later replaced with the third elevator pair and the stairs were moved to the inside of the core. A freezing rain storm on March 2,resulted in a layer of verwion several centimetres thick forming on parallels desktop 14 version history free side of the tower and other downtown buildings.

There were fears that cars and windows of nearby buildings would be smashed by large chunks of ice. In response, police closed some streets surrounding the tower. During morning rush hour on March 5 of the desltop year, police expanded the area of closed streets to include the Gardiner Expressway metres 1, ft away from the tower as increased winds blew the ice parallels desktop 14 version history free away, as far north as King Street Westm 1, ft away, where a taxicab parallels desktop 14 version history free was shattered.

Subsequently, on March 6,the Gardiner Expressway reopened after winds abated. On April 16,falling ice from the CN Tower punctured the roof of the nearby Rogers Centre stadium, causing the Toronto Blue Jays to postpone the game that day to the following day as a doubleheader ; this was the third doubleheader held at the Rogers Centre.

Padallels April 20, the CN Tower reopened. In Augusta fire broke out at the Ostankino Tower in Moscow killing three people and causing extensive damage.

The fire was blamed on poor maintenance and outdated equipment. The failure of the fire-suppression systems and the lack of proper equipment for firefighters allowed the fire to destroy most of the interior and spark fears the tower might even collapse.

However, Canadian officials subsequently stated that it is "highly unlikely" that a similar disaster could occur at взято отсюда CN Tower, as it has important safeguards parallels desktop 14 version history free were not present in the Ostankino Tower. Specifically, officials cited:. Officials vsrsion noted that the CN Tower has an excellent safety record, although there was an electrical fire in the antennae on August 16, — the tower's first fire.